英语陷阱(1)
He is a bicycle doctor. 他是单车修理工.
此句不能译作:”他是个骑单车的医生”,因句中的doctor是委婉语(euphemism),是对某种职业的美称,故不作”医生”解,而是表示repair man的涵义.
委婉语起源于远古,维多利来女王时代中期为其鼎盛时期,在现代英语中,其出现频率依然颇高,因为人们通过委婉语,可以用温顺悦耳的词语去谈论或叙述一些原来令人不快或逆耳之事物.为此,他们用domestic help,day help或live-in help代替mail或servant(佣人); 以custodian或superintendent替代doorkeeper,caretaker或janitor(看门人或管理人);用She has a tile loose或She has a cylinder missing去代替She is crazy或She is not right in the head(神经失常).
委婉语多如恒河沙数,不胜枚举,在此略举数例,以见一斑:
原 称 委 婉 语
无线电修理工 radio electrician radio doctor
理发师 barber cosmotologist
whore working girl/ street girl
家庭妇女 housewife household executive
收垃圾工人 garbage collector sanitary engineer
老年 old age second childhood
老人 old people senior citizens
假牙 false teeth dentures
小解 piss urinate/ number one